ANALISIS KRISIS PADA ORGANISASI BERDASARKAN MODEL ANATOMI KRISIS DAN PERSPEKTIF PUBLIC RELATIONS
Abstract
Setiap organisasi, besar atau kecil, memiliki peluang untuk terkena krisis. Krisis dapat terjadi karena kesalahan internal organisasi, seperti kesalahan prosedur, kelalaian organisasi dan tindakan oknum dalam organisasi yang tidak bertanggung jawab. Disamping itu, krisis juga dapat disebabkan oleh faktor ekternal seperti kondisi ekonomi dan politik, atau bencana alam. Menurut Steven Fink, krisis melalui empat tahap penting yaitu tahap prodromal, tahap akut, tahap kronis dan tahap resolusi. Dalam perspektif public relations, setiap tahapan tersebut memerlukan strategi komunikasi yang berbedabeda. Artikel ini merupakan hasil penelitian mengenai krisis yang menimpa Citibank Indonesia pada tahun 2010. Analisis dalam peneltian ini mengikuti tahapan perkembangan krisis dari Steven Fink dan aktivitas komunikasi yang dilakukan oleh public relations Citibank pada masa pra krisis, masa krisis dan masa pasca krisis. Temuan dalam penelitian ini adalah adanya perkembangan isu yang berdasarkan literatur semakin memperburuk citra organisasi, namun pada kasus Citibank, isu yang berkembang justru mampu menggeser isu utama dan menguntungkan Citibank.
Kata Kunci: tahapan perkembangan krisis, tahapan komunikasi penanganan krisis, information gap.
An organization whether it’s large or small, has the opportunity to be exposed to the crisis. Crisis can occur due to an internal problem within the organization, such as procedural errors, omissions organization and unresponsible action from an employee in theorganization. Crisis can also be caused by external factors such as political and economic conditions, or natural disasters. According to Steven Fink, crisis in organization passing through four critical stages: prodromal phase, acute phase, chronic phase and resolution phase. In a public relations perspective, each stage requires a communication strategy that is different in each stage. This article is the result of research on the crisis that hit Citibank Indonesia in 2010. The analysis in this research follow the stages of development of crisis explained by Steven Fink and communication activities undertaken by public relations Citibank in pre crisis, crisis and postcrisis period. The findings in this research is the development of issuebased on literature will worsened the image of the organization, but in the case of Citibank the issue development actually beneficial for Citibank since the central issue was shifting from procedural error to personal issue of employee.
Keywords: crisis development stages, phase of crisis communication management, information gap.
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Indexed by:
Archived in:
Listed in:
INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR MEDIA AND COMMUNICATION RESEARCH